Most of the settings in the Settings panel can be managed with kwriteconfig5

Example:

/usr/bin/kwriteconfig5 --file "/home/douge/.config/kwinrc" --group "TouchEdges" --key "Bottom" "None"

or

/usr/bin/kwriteconfig5 --file "/home/douge/.config/plasmarc" --group "KDE" --key "name" "breeze-dark"

You have to know where the config item is stored and what it's named. Some of the application settings are stored in other files that can be manipulated with dconf.

I really had to experiment to see what settings modified what files and how that setting was set. It was trial and error, checking what files were updated when I changed a setting by sorting files in ~/.config by changed date and then looking at that file.

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https://gist.github.com/Zren/d39728991f854c0a5a6a7f7b70d4444a

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https://zren.github.io/kde/

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kwriteconfig5
kreadconfig5